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A rock breaker is an attachment that is mounted on excavators, backhoes, skid steers, and stationary plants. The equipment is commonly used for breaking down large rocks into smaller pieces. The excavator rock breaker works on the principle of hydraulics for applying pressure to break down the rocks.
The breaking down of rocks from a rock breaker depends on the components of the equipment. Some of the components of a rock breaker are a belt, head cap, cylinder, piston, control valve, accumulator, chisel pin, and chisel.
The cylindrical part of the equipment, which looks like a cage consists of a head cap. This consists of nitrogen gas of pressure between 14bar to 18bar. Below the head cap contains the piston and the lower part of the piston is connected to the chisel pin.
Process of Breaking Rock from Rock Breaker
When the rock breaker extension is kept over the rock, the chisel thrusts pressure upwards. It goes up to the piston and the piston pressures the nitrogen gas. The compression of nitrogen gas exerts pressure back on the piston which helps in rotating and vibrating the chisel for penetration inside the rock.
The hydraulic valve in the rock breaker works on the principle of hydraulics given by Blaise Pascal. The principle states that “applying pressure to one part of a fluid transfers that pressure to all areas of the fluid, allowing an increase in force."
In the control valve, hydraulic oil is used. The oil in the valve is incompressible, which is why the fluid transfers to different parts of the equipment and allows multiplication of force.
The hydraulic oil in the valve is supplied to the hammer when pressure is applied to the valve. When the breaker is operated by the excavator rock breaker operator initial pressure is applied upwards, this pressure is released from the main valve through the outlet. When this high pressure reaches the accumulator it pushes the piston upwards.
The piston hits the tool whose impact creates a stress wave which leads to pushing the piston downwards. The stress wave passes through the tool and reaches to the rock. At this point, the energy from the tool is transferred to the rock. Traveling reflection of stress waves helps in breaking down of the rock.
Continuation of this process helps in breaking down large concrete structures, and heavy rocks and breaking the top layer of soil for mining purposes.
Conclusion
The excavator rock breaker comes with shock absorption functionality. This helps absorb all the impact and recoil energy. The leading excavator and hydraulic hammer attachment manufacturers in India conduct stringent testing India's leading excavator and hydraulic hammer attachment manufacturers to ensure quality for an affordable breaker machine price.
Rock breakers are environment-friendly equipment as they produce a minimal amount of pollutants and noise during the breakage of heavy rocks. Some of these attachment comes with steel bushing in the boom to even reduce the vibration which helps in avoiding any damage to existing structures.